Back pain experienced at least once in the life of every person. The doctors believe that this is the inevitable outcome of bipedalism. Modern people reinforce it with physical inactivity, poor diet, stress. Back pain in children and adolescents is also not uncommon.
Fortunately, with timely treatment, many processes in children are reversible. Therefore, the parents must always be attentive to the child and not ignore their complaints to deterioration of health.
The back pain the baby causes
The causes of back pain in children are very varied. Can be congenital degenerative changes of the spine, diseases of the internal organs, the consequences of infection and even physical strain.
Physical overload.
The baby skeleton is not yet formed, the cartilage tissue of the vertebrae are weaker than the adult. Also not developed muscles of the back. Overload can occur due to prolonged use of heavy portfolio, especially if it is matched incorrectly. Of special danger are soft backpacks that kids carry in a shoulder. The load is distributed unevenly, some of the muscles are always in constant tension, other relaxed. Due to the poor physiological position of the back. If the process is applied only to the muscles, to correct the situation easily. Need to pick up child backpack with orthopedic back and wide straps.
Pain in the back due to overloads often occur in children involved in sport, for example, when jumping. This is especially true for the first time, while the body is not used to the load. Parents in the pursuit of achievements in sports with his son completely forget about your health, trying to bring it to a tiring exercise every day. The muscles and ligaments do not have the time to recover, as well, in a young athlete there is chronic pain. To eliminate the pain, it is necessary to develop the correct training regime and the rest that the child had time to recover.
Remain sitting
Physical inactivity is the scourge of modern society. Contrary to its nature, which implies a large part of mobility in children, the child spends a lot of time on the computer. Parents are afraid that children do not find the time to drive the child to the sports section. A constant static load of the spine causes pain in the back. Added to this is the lack of fresh air, improper diet. The combination of all the factors causes the development of scoliosis and degenerative disc disease. This explains the high percentage of young people with serious back problems.
Poorly organized place to sleep
Doctors recommend sleeping on a hard surface. This is especially important for children, as their spine is susceptible to deformation.
Injury
A spinal cord injury can lead to the child when falling, the sudden movements, exercises for back muscles without a warm-up. The pain does not occur immediately, but after some time, when the vertebral column formed the focus of inflammation.
Myositis
Myositis is an inflammatory process in the muscles of the back. Can be primary, i.e., occur due to an injury or being in a draft, or secondary, which are the infections such as the flu or sore throat. Pain syndrome occurs in a certain area of the back, muscles tense, pain increases with palpation. It can also be inflammation and swelling at the site of the injury.
Scoliosis
Scoliosis — curvature of the spine is the most common pathology in children. The disease appears for many reasons: congenital anomalies, infection, trauma, poor posture. The first external signs of the disease are absent, the child complains of stiffness in the back, pain when the inclination of the torso twists, after a long trip. 2-3 stages of scoliosis becomes apparent asymmetry of shoulder blades, pelvis, bones, stooped posture. If the time does not begin treatment, the child has violated the function of internal organs, it will be very difficult to move independently.
Osteochondrosis
It is accepted that osteochondrosis is a disease of the elderly. However, degenerative changes of the spine, often diagnosed in childhood. That may be the result of congenital anomalies of vertebral also arise due to poor posture and lack of sufficient physical activity. In fact, the child begins a premature aging of the spine. The diagnosis of the disease is difficult because symptoms are not expressed. The child may feel discomfort in the back, but not to tell your parents. Should alert the following symptoms: frequent headaches, sleep disorder, fatigue, blurred vision, alteration of the internal organs.
Tumors of the spine
Fortunately, tumors of the spine in children is rare. The tumor presses on nearby blood vessels and nerves, causing pain. When benign tumours minor pain syndrome persists for a long time. If the process is malignant, the pain increases, it is difficult to stop the painkillers.
Renal Colic
Cause of renal colic is pyelonephritis, or kidney stones. It is also an anomaly congenital in the structure of the kidneys. Renal colic is usually accompanied by acute pain, fever, pain when urinating, frequent urge to the toilet.Is it possible to detect traces of blood in the urine, changing its colour and smell.
Infectious diseases
Back and stomach the child can become ill after suffering an infectious disease such as influenza. The virus spreads through the body, triggering an active immune response. The result is fever, pain with muscles and joints. Usually, the discomfort disappears after the elimination of the acute period. If the pain persists for a long time after recovery, which indicates the development of complications.
Why lower back pain adolescent girls?
Loins of adolescents pain before menstrual cycle. The body is undergoing serious hormonal changes, which prepare the girl to adulthood. Little pain before menstruation or in the first days of menstruation is normal. The uterus is reduced, the removal of the endometrium. Smooth muscle spasm — this is the source of pain.
Maybe the girl is the inflammation of the pelvic organs. Severe pain, accompanied by endometriosis. In this situation, you will need a full workup. In the initial phase of the disease more susceptible to treatment.
Diagnosis
To determine the cause of the pain, you should consult a neurologist or orthopedist. First, the doctor will carry out a survey to find out what preceded the onset of symptoms, what is the nature of the pain, the time of distress. Then carried out an external inspection for signs of abrasions, bruising, curvature of the spine.
To confirm the diagnosis, prescribe the following methods of examination:
- General analysis of urine, blood.
- Ultrasound of the internal organs. The girls performed to exclude abnormalities of the uterus and ovaries.
- X-rays of the spine. Allows us to detect the effects of trauma, specific changes in vertebrae, degenerative disc destruction as a result of osteoarthritis.
- The MRI, a CAT scan of the spine is carried out, in case of not being able to find the cause of the pain. Using magnetic RESONANCE imaging to diagnose even minimal disturbance, changes in tissue blood flow.
Treatment
The choice of treatment depends on the cause of the pain. If there is a fracture or displacement of the vertebrae, which often requires surgical intervention. For the treatment of scoliosis and degenerative disc disease apply physical therapy, massage, manual therapies. Teens need to bring corset orthopedic that are in the initial stage of scoliosis have a positive result.
If the pain is caused by prolonged static tension, the child is recommended the dose of the year, the normalization of the mode of the day. When the pain caused by the congestion, it is necessary to reduce the intensity of sports training. Also with the help of a relaxing massage.
For the relief of pain, you can apply the following medications:
- Antispasmodics. Relax smooth muscles, relieve muscle spasm.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in extreme cases, when the pain syndrome too strong.
- Anti-inflammatory ointments, plasters. Help myositis, pain caused by overexertion. Before application you should make sure that the child is not allergic to the components of the products.
Prevention
If the place of work of the child and the day mode is organized in a proper way, then never appear back problems. Basic preventive measures:
- Proper organization of the work environment. Desk and chair student must coincide with the growth of be functional and comfortable. Now you can buy special orthopaedic chairs that allow the child to slouch. From the first days in school need to teach the baby to keep the back straight, then it will become a habit.
- Convenient portfolio. For younger students it is the most suitable satchels with rigid orthopedic back and wide straps. They allow you to evenly distribute the load on the spine, keep the back straight, shoulders straightened. Senior students have to choose a backpack and carry it on both shoulders.
- The layout of the bed. The child can not sleep on a too soft mattress and a large pillow. The mattress should be semi-rigid cushion is not very high. For this reason, during the night, the column will be in anatomically correct position, they will be normal circulation.
- Dosing of physical loads. Harmful to children is lack of physical activity, and excess sports training. For every age there are the rules of the physical activity. You will need to know the coach, teacher of physical education. It is impossible to load the child more of which may bear the age.
- The correct posture. Incorrect posture comes from weak muscles. The child's muscles are tired for a long time in the same position, so that the children are constantly slouching. To maintain the correct posture it is necessary to perform special exercises that strengthen the muscles of the back. Very good result gives swimming, Running, gymnastics.