Many people know the symptom "back pain". Usually, the discomfort associated with several diseases of the spine, but in practice it often turns out that the cause of the other. Often the pain in the lower back occurs in women in late pregnancy as the spine experiences more stress than usual.
The reason can also be various diseases in the internal organs, degenerative changes in the bone-cartilaginous apparatus, lower back, etc. a Sedentary lifestyle, intense working conditions, professional sport, obesity can cause pain in the lower part of the spine.
Back pain doctors call the term "lbp". It is a common phenomenon, which is characterized by the sudden appearance and disappearance of the pain syndrome. Some patients experience a brief course of treatment and never experience discomfort, others need to get treatment for months and even years. To determine the exact cause of pain in the low back, the need to be examined for the first time by a doctor, and then in his direction specialists.
Reasons
Most often low back pain is a symptom of various diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Often discomfort annoy people who spend a lot of time on the computer, in the car, doing heavy physical work, throwing yourself to the gym. The risk group includes pregnant women or women who recently gave birth.
Diseases accompanied by pain in the lower back
Back pain, bottom can indicate diseases such as osteochondrosis or spondylosis. It is said the main causes of pain associated with functional and morphological changes of the spine.
Among the secondary causes of lower back pain are:
- neoplastic processes in the vertebrae, the spinal cord;
- the injuries of the vertebrae;
- the infectious process in the intervertebral discs and the vertebrae;
- metabolic disorders in the bones (osteoporosis, osteomalacia);
- inflammatory diseases of infectious aetiology (rheumatoid arthritis, spondylitis);
- acute hemodynamic instability (eg, stroke);
- diseases associated with impaired growth;
- gastrointestinal disease (atypical for appendicitis acute intestinal obstruction);
- kidney disease (urolithiasis pain behind unilateral, more often on the right side);
- diseases of the organs pelvic.
Therefore, the reason for the pain is not always rooted in the injuries of the locomotor system. If the pain is caused by a dysfunction of the internal organs, is irradiating nature. In addition, in men back pain, lower part of the spine in the prostatitis chronic, cancer of the prostate, although this symptom is not always necessary.
The pain may appear after a long walk that suggests stenosis spinal. The disease manifests itself in the form of a syndrome of intermittent claudication. The people, in addition, she complains of cramps and muscle aches when walking. The elderly development of the condition as rheumatic polymyalgia. First, there is mild pain, then the sensation of stiffness in the hands or feet.
The most common cause of pain below the waist, to the right, left or center is low back pain. Instrumental methods of research helps to identify the different degenerative changes of the spine. In them the space between the discs of the spine gradually decreases, resulting in the development of the imbalance in the structure of the entire spine.
This leads to low back pain, which is localized to the left or to the right or go in the course of the ridge.
Another source of lower back pain – the presence of intervertebral hernia. In case of their violation, the compression of the nerve roots that there is quite a strong, sharp pain that is in the early stages help of steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
A symptom of unfavourable result is lumbodynia, that is manifested by a series of symptoms. Pain along the nerve root can radiate into the buttocks and feet. Discomfort appears when the bending (even when tilting the head down), laugh, cough, etc. Syndrome the pain is worse when lifting lying on your back straight leg.
Manifests as back pain
The symptoms of back pain is diverse in function of the pathology existing. When stretched, the pain manifests itself in the form of spasms, while the movement is limited. Syndrome pain radiates to the buttocks, the posterior part of the thighs. It is difficult to bend over to turn the case. If damaged roots give the pain in the lower part of the body, may be the alteration of sensibility, numbness.
Osteochondrosis symptoms increase gradually. In the first place, the pain bothers with one hand, his character is not expressed. With the development of the pathological pain process is increasingly more strong, more difficult stoped pain, affect a large area. After a long stay in one position the pain is the pain in the nature.
If the kidney damage pain appears, not in the lower back, approximately at the level of the 12 pairs of ribs. However, in renal colic the pain radiates down syndrome, in the course of the ureter, gives the groin. The pain is unbearable, very strong painkillers don't help. The characteristic symptom is a unilateral localization.
Diagnosis
Why the low back pain, it can be set only doctor. In no case should not engage in self-diagnosis and self-treatment. The diagnosis is based on patient complaints, clinical symptoms, anamnesis data, results of instrumental methods. The patient is prescribed x-rays, myelography, MRI, CT and other types of surveys.
Computed tomography is an efficient and highly informative method of revealing of various structural changes in the spine caused by trauma, infectious process, tumor formation, osteoporosis and other diseases. Based myelography is the use of contrast substances. Method is used in cases of suspicion of stenosis cord, hernia, tumors and other pathological processes in the spine.
Treatment
What to do in case of back pain, it can be said only by a qualified technician. Tactics of treatment depends on the underlying cause of pain. It is not recommended the use of analgesics because they provide only a temporary effect (and in certain diseases of not help), "lubricate" the clinical picture and exacerbate the disease process what the person is constantly on the eliminate the pain, delays the visit to the doctor.
The fundamental principle of treatment – the treatment is not pain as such but its causes. So, osteochondrosis requires a set of measures. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the disease, are used as a symptom of the therapy in the period of the pendulum. These drugs include Diclofenac, Nimesulide etc., but they have a number of contraindications (for example, the case of ulcer).
It can also be applied non-steroidal anti-inflammatory creams. In some cases, require steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. The main events that are carried out in the period without exacerbation and gymnastics medical, the realization of therapeutic massage, the organization of the correct day regimen and nutrition.
In addition to appointed physiotherapy, acupuncture, chiropractic, etc. without exacerbation doctors recommend to do exercises therapeutic. This is the best way to strengthen the back, relieve the tension and muscle spasm. Therapeutic physical exercises (physical therapy) is required in the program of prevention of back pain.
Classes are best done under the supervision of the instructor, but some simple exercises it is possible to perform at home:
- They are in the back, the arms stretched along the body, legs slightly bent at the knee joints. The legs to deflect to the right in the body and the head turn slightly to the left (the most important thing – do not overdo it). After five seconds, return to starting position and repeat the same with the opposite side. A total of ten repetitions.
- To get on my knees to lean on the chair. Arch your back upwards, then the maximum FALL. To do ten repetitions.
- Lie down on your back, stretch your legs. Raise the right leg 20 cm above the floor, hold up to the fatigue. The same is done with the left foot. Do five repetitions for each leg.
Good effect gives massage and manual therapy. These procedures are performed only by a qualified technician. Improper execution of, a violation of the technical conduct may cause harm is substantial. During a therapy session a manual of the hand of a specialist to go through all the new space, which affect at different levels (fascia, bone structure, etc.).
Special attention at the neuronal level. Specialist has a direct effect on neurons through palpatory manipulation. The chiropractor is able to slow down or speed up the neural chain. The recently growing popularity of acupuncture. The course consists of several procedures aimed at pain relief and muscle relaxation.
In the presence of excess weight should be to diet. Preference should be given to herbal, low-calorie foods. The protein is the third part of the daily diet. You can eat lean fish, poultry, meat, eggs. Also the protein contained in legumes, buckwheat, mushrooms, nuts (with them it is important not to overdo it). Fats should consume unsaturated (lamb, white fish, nuts, vegetable oils).
In the system diseases osteoarticular, the role of vitamins a and D. Vitamin A is found in greens, onion, vegetables, orange and yellow, of liver, cod liver oil, egg yolks. Vitamin D is synthesized under the influence of the light of the sun. It is also possible to get small quantities of milk, butter, egg yolks, cod liver, caviar. For bone health should consume adequate amount of phosphorus (bran, lettuce, cabbage, cheese, fish) and calcium (liver, cheese, eggs, nuts, cabbage).
In the presence of back pain is best to consult the therapist on the basis of the data collected will be determined with further tactics. The presence of diseases of internal organs the patient is subjected to a series of additional studies and sent to specialists. The main rule, you must learn all of the patients who do not self-medicate with any disease manifestations immediately in touch with a specialist.